Typhoid News
XDR Typhoid Fever Outbreak Confirmed in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
- Pakistan Travel Alert regarding extensively drug-resistant (XDR) typhoid fever issued by CDC
- The CDC says people from the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Denmark, and Australia with a travel history to Pakistan have reported XDR typhoid infections
- Pakistan’s current XDR Typhoid Fever outbreak began in Hyderabad, which is a city of Sindh province, part of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, during November 2016
Prokarium Secures £4.6M from Wellcome to Fund the Clinical Development of its Lead Vaccine Programme
- Prokarium announced it has received an investment of £4.59 million from Wellcome to fund two clinical trials of its lead programme, Entervax™, a bivalent vaccine against enteric fever
- Entervax™ is based on the Vaxonella® platform and is the combination of Prokarium’s proprietary strain ZH9 (Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi ZH9), which has been safely administered to 351 individuals including 101 children in the UK, US and Vietnam, plus a novel strain modified to express antigens specific to Salmonella Paratyphi
Taiwan records first case of imported XDR typhoid fever
- Taiwan reported its first imported case of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) typhoid fever, diagnosed in a patient who recently returned from a visit to Pakistan
- The patient is now in stable condition, but is currently being kept in an isolation ward at the hospital for further observation
Researchers tackle biofilm to make salmonella infection less aggressive
- Biology researchers at Haifa’s Technion-Israel Institute of Technology say they may have found a way to make salmonella bacterial infections less aggressive by inhibiting the formation of biofilm
- In their work, the researchers decided not to tackle the bacterium itself, but the biofilm – the resilient layer that protects bacteria from substances that pose a danger to them, including antibiotic drugs
- The research is being carried out in collaboration with the Institute for Complex Systems in Jülich and in Düsseldorf, Germany
First case of extensively drug-resistant typhoid reported in Australia
- Australia’s first case of extensively drug-resistant typhoid has been confirmed in a 20-month-old girl, who was taken to hospital suffering with high fever and vomiting
- Dr Philip Britton from the Children’s Hospital at Westmead and the University of Sydney said the fact the young girl had recently returned from six weeks in Pakistan led doctors to believe she had typhoid
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‘Typhoid gaining antibiotic resistance’
- In the state, between August 4 and September 1, there have been 4,478 lab-confirmed typhoid fever cases
- These cases have been rising steadily from 749 between July 29 and August 4 to 1,103 in the period between August 26 and September 1
- Recently in Ahmedabad, researchers at the Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH) had analyzed reports of 51,260 blood cultures at two public medical college pathological laboratories and one corporate lab, in which Salmonella isolates were detected in only 146 (0.28%). Of these 67 (54%) were drug resistant
Typhoid toxin accelerates cell ageing to enhance killer infection, study reveals
- New research has shown how a toxin of Salmonella Typhi that causes typhoid fever takes over DNA repair machines to age cells and boost aggressiveness of infection
- Discovery by Department of Biomedical Science could pave the way for development of new diagnostics and earlier treatment for typhoid
- Findings mark first study involving the Healthy Lifespan Institute at the University of Sheffield, which aims to slow down the ageing process and tackle the global epidemic of multimorbidity
Mosquito-borne Diseases: Is Typhoid More Dangerous Than Dengue?
- Typhoid is endemic and keeps occurring throughout the year, Dengue is mostly seasonal. Both the diseases are curable if diagnosed in time and receive proper treatment
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While the vector-borne diseases can prove fatal to life, there are various bacterial diseases, such as typhoid and cholera, which may cause equal worry
Weak systems and funding gaps jeopardize drinking-water and sanitation in the world’s poorest countries
- 28 August 2019 | STOCKHOLM – The World Health Organization (WHO) and UN-Water today sounded the alarm for an urgent increase in investment in strong drinking-water and sanitation systems
- Nineteen countries and one territory reported a funding gap of more than 60% between identified needs and available funding. Less than 15% of countries have the financial or human resources needed to implement their plans
- While funding gaps and weak systems are holding many countries back, the report also found that countries have begun to take positive steps towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 on water and sanitation
IVI acquires supplemental funding for Severe Typhoid in Africa Program (SETA Plus)
- The SETA study, launched in 2015, is a continuation and expansion of data collection from the typhoid fever surveillance network established through TSAP, which evaluated the typhoid burden through standardized surveillance at 13 sites in 10 sub-Saharan African countries
- SETA Plus surveillance and the studies coordinated with the THECA consortium will be closely aligned with related work being conducted by the Typhoid Vaccine Acceleration Consortium (TyVAC)
- The study will continue to collect standardized data from five sub-Saharan African countries (Ghana, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Nigeria, Madagascar and Burkina Faso), including additional information on invasive Salmonella infections, such as severe manifestations of the illness and socio-economic burden.
Punjab CM announces additional relief measures for flood victims
- According to the release, amid fear of outbreak of water-borne epidemics in the wake of the floods, the Chief Minister has ordered the Principal Secretary Health to take effective measures to check the outbreak of diseases like diarrhoea, cholera, enteric fever, jaundice etc. as well as vector-borne diseases like malaria, chikungunya, dengue etc.
- He has also asked the Health Department to ensure fogging of the flooded areas to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes
Improving Child Health in Nigeria Through Education, Awareness and Quality Water and Sanitation Products
- Aimcare, a Nigerian social enterprise focusing in hygiene education, has joined Business Call to Action with a commitment to facilitate access to clean water and sanitation to 200,000 low-income Nigerians in rural areas through its WaterEase platform by 2024
- Using a cross-compensation model, profits made from these sales are used to promote Aimcare’s Extensive Hygiene Education programmes in low income rural communities
- Aimcare created an online WaterEase platform designed to connect rural communities, schools or health centres in need of clean water in Africa with International and local organizations and individuals willing to provide help. Aimcare collects special data and analysis surveys to identify communities without clean water to enlist them on the platform
30 cases of typhoid fever caused by contaminated water detected in Kamle
- At least 30 cases of typhoid fever have reportedly been detected in Tamen and Boasimla areas in Kamle district due to contamination of drinking water sources, the Ziro (Lower Subansiri)-based Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) cell has informed
- Dr Subu Habung on 19 August said contamination of the drinking water sources in Boasimla-I and Boasimla-II was the cause behind the alarming number of typhoid fever cases in the two areas
- The officials removed encroachment around the water tanks, and issued an order asking the settlers to shift from the vicinity of the water tanks at the earliest
CDC sounds alarm over deadly drug-resistant salmonella
- A deadly strain of salmonella that has sickened more than 250 people may not respond to the antibiotics commonly prescribed to treat the foodborne infection, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- In its Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report published on Thursday, the CDC said that from June 2018 to March 2019, 255 people in 32 states were infected with the strain, with 60 being hospitalized and two dying from the infection
- The CDC called the strain “emerging” and said it hadn’t been detected before 2016. The strain didn’t respond to ciprofloxacin and had “decreased susceptibility” to azithromycin — two antibiotic drugs often prescribed to treat Salmonella infections
Microplastics in Drinking Water Don’t Threaten Human Health: WHO
- The minuscule bits of plastic invisibly bobbing around in drinking water do not pose a threat to human health, according to a World Health Organization assessment published August 21
- “Based on the limited evidence available, chemicals and microbial pathogens associated with microplastics in drinking water pose a low concern for human health. Although there is insufficient information to draw firm conclusions on the toxicity of nanoparticles, no reliable information suggests it is a concern”, the report states
- As it calls for more research, the WHO does not recommend investing effort in monitoring for microplastics in drinking water because resources would be better spent removing pathogens, a proven risk, The Guardian reports
Keep cool and carry on: the fridge protecting vaccines from power outages
- A fridge designed for vaccines and medicines has “harnessed the power of nature” to keep its contents cold, even with intermittent access to electricity
- Vaccines are often temperature sensitive, with inoculations for diseases including hepatitis, typhoid and polio sensitive to both high and low temperatures
- When electricity is switched off, the warm water rises while the ice begins to melt, keeping the water at a constant temperature. It can keep the contents chilled for up to four weeks without power
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18 typhoid fever cases in 3 weeks
- The individuals developed symptoms of the bacterial infection between July 13 and Aug 4.
- The Ministry Of Health and Singapore Food Agency said that they are interviewing affected individuals to identify common links, and collecting food and water samples for testing.
- In cases where the affected individuals are also food handlers, they will not be allowed to work until they have fully recovered.
